29. "Document".-
The word "document" denotes any matter
expressed or described upon any substance by means of letters,
figures, or marks, or by more than one of those means, intended
to be used, or which may be used, as evidence of that matter.
Explanation 1- It is immaterial by what means or upon what
substance the letters, figures or marks are formed, or whether
the evidence is intended for, or may be used in, a Court of
Justice, or not.
Illustrations
A writing expressing the terms of a contract, which may be
used as evidence of the contract, is a document.
A cheque upon a banker is a document.
A power-of-attorney is a document.
A map or plan which is intended to be used or which may be
used as evidence, is a document.
Explanation 2- Whatever is expressed by means of letters,
figures or marks as explained by mercantile or other usage,
shall be deemed to be expressed by such letters, figures or
marks within the meaning of this section, although the same
may not be actually expressed.
Illustration
A writes his name on the back of a bill of exchange payable
to his order. The meaning of the endorsement, as explained
by mercantile usage, is that the bill is to be paid to the
holder. The endorsement is a document, and must be construed
in the same manner as if the words "pay to the holder"
or words to that effect had been written over the signature.
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